Nginx安裝教學

Nginx（讀成engine x）是近年來快速竄紅的一套結合了網頁伺服器以及郵件伺服的軟體，由俄國程式設計師Igor Sysoev所開發。它不僅具備輕量級的優點，在與Wordpress的完美搭配更讓許多站長稱讚不已。
Nginx更新速度也很快，安裝時建議查看官網是否有釋出新的版本，依目前看來幾乎1~2個月就會釋出新版。Nginx跨平台的支援同時能在Unix、BSD、OS X、Solaries及Windows下執行網頁伺服器的工作，不過在官網上也有明示，因為使用的是傳統的Win32 API，所以在Windows上跑這怪物時，別想期待它能給你帶來多大的效率。

1. 系統環境

   FreeBSD 8.4-RELEASE

2. 準備工作

   1. 下戴 nginx-1.7.10並解壓縮

      [root@dmz /data/work]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.7.12.tar.gz 

3. 安裝 nginx

   編譯參數

   [root@dmz /data/work/nginx-1.7.10]#./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx \
   --conf-path=/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
   --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
   --with-http_ssl_module \
   --with-pcre=../pcre-8.35 --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8

4. 編譯

   [root@dmz /data/work/nginx-1.7.10]# make

5. 安裝

   [root@dmz /data/work/nginx-1.7.10]# make install

6. rc.conf設定

   加入這行使nginx在開機時能自動執行:
   

   # nginx
   nginx_enable="YES"

   下戴nginx啟動檔，並將它放在/usr/local/etc/rc.d/目錄下即可，記得改變屬性為755。
   

   wget https://googledrive.com/host/0B7mMj8dra51DaW9OdFJGdGh4UHM -O /usr/local/etc/rc.d/nginx
   chmod +x /usr/local/etc/rc.d/nginx

7. nginx.conf調整設定

   編輯nginx設定檔，複制預設的檔案來修改即可。
   

   cp　/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf-dist　/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
   vi　/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

   小編吉姆的設定:
   worker_processes(L5)是CPU處理器的數量，請看下文解釋。server_name(L37)則是網站網址(FQDN)。
   #網站路徑#請改為自己的www路徑即可(L39,L50)。如果您還未完成php-fpm的安裝與設定，可先前往php-fpm教學參考。

   #----------------------------------------------------------
   #--- /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
   #----------------------------------------------------------
   user  nobody;
   worker_processes  1;
   error_log  /data/weblogs/nginx-error.log;
   #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
   #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
   pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
   
   events {
       worker_connections  1024;
   }
   
   http {
       include       mime.types;
       default_type  application/octet-stream;
       #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
       sendfile        on;
       #tcp_nopush     on;
       keepalive_timeout  1;
      #charset koi8-r;
       port_in_redirect off;
       gzip on;
       gzip_http_version 1.1;
       gzip_vary on;
       gzip_comp_level 6;
       gzip_proxied any;
       gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
       gzip_buffers 16 8k;
       gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)";
      #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
       error_page  404              /404.html;
       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
           server {
                   listen 80;
                   server_name w1.localhost;
                   server_name_in_redirect off;
                   root #網站路徑#;
   
                   location ~* ^.+\.(ico|js|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp)$ {
                     expires 30d;
                   }
                   location / {
                       index index.php;
                   }
                   location ~ \.php$ {
                       fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                       fastcgi_index index.php;
                       fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME #網站路徑#/$fastcgi_script_name;
                       include fastcgi_params;
                   }
                   location ~ /\.ht {
                       deny all;
                   }
           }
       }
   

8. 如何找出cpu處理器數量

   #sysctl -a | egrep -i 'hw.machine|hw.model|hw.ncpu'

   
   或

   # sysctl hw.model hw.machine hw.ncpu
   hw.machine: i386
   hw.model: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.80GHz
   hw.ncpu: 1
   hw.machine_arch: i386

9. 測試設定檔

   [root@dmz /usr/local/etc/nginx]# nginx -t
   nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
   nginx: configuration file /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

   
   沒問題就可以啟動了。
   

   [root@dmz /usr/local/etc/nginx]# /usr/local/etc/rc.d/nginx start
   Performing sanity check on nginx configuration:
   nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
   nginx: configuration file /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
   Starting nginx.

nginx指令略解

用法：nginx -s 參數

    nginx -s stop — 立即強迫停止nginx
    nginx -s quit —  正常程序停止nginx
    nginx -s reload — 重新讀取設定檔
    nginx -s reopen — 重新開啟記錄檔(log)

參考來源

• How to Install Nginx and PHP-FPM on FreeBSD